RULES OF CONJUNCTIONS

 

RULES OF CONJUNCTIONS

Rule of Conjunction	Example
1. A econjunction" joins words, phrases, or clauses.	I like tea and coffee,
2 "Coordinating conjunctions" join words or clauses of equal rank.	He is tall and strong.
3. The seven main coordinating conjunctions are ffor, and, nor, but: or, yet, so."	She was tired but happy.
4. "Subordinating conjunctions" join dependent and independent clauses.	I stayed home because it was raining,
5. "Correlative conjuncti6n wwork in pars.	Either you come or I
6. Use "and" to add one ideato another.	He plays and sings.
7 Use "but" to show contrast.	She is poor but honest.
8. Use "or" to show choice or alternative,	Tea or coffee?
9. Use "nor" to show negative alternatives.	He neither drinks nor smokes.
10. Use "for D to show reason (formal).	He stayed, for it was rain ing.
Il. Use "so" to show result or effect.	It rained, so we stayed inside.
12. Use "yet" to show contrast like "but."	He is rich yet unhappy.
13. Don't use a comma before "and" in short compound sentences.	She came and sat down,
14. use a comma before stand" in long or complex sentences.	She studied hard, and she passed the exam.
15. Avoid starting too many sentences with "and" or tbu	It's informal.
16. use "because" to show reason.	I stayed home because I was tired.
17. Don't use "because of" as a conjunction  it's a preposition.	Correct: I stayed because I was tired.
18. use "although" or "though" to show contrast.	Although it rained, we went oute
19, Use "even though" for stronger contrast.	Even though it was late, he waited.
20. Use "since" to show time or cause	I've known her since we met.
Use "as" to show reason or time.	As it was late, we left.
22. "When" shows the time of an action.	Call me when you arrive,
23. "While" shows time or contrast.	I watched TV while eating,
24. "Before" shows earlier time.	Finish your work before you go,
25. "After" shows later time.	Wash your hands after you eat.
26. "Until" shows up to a point in time.	Wait until I return,
27 "Unless" means except if,	You can't go unless you finish homework-
28. "If" introduces a condition.	If it rains, we'll stay in.
29. "Provided that" means only if.	You can go provided that you behave.
30. "In case" means if something happens,	Take an umbrella in case it rains.
31. "As long as" means provided that.	You can play as long as you study.
32. "So that" shows purpose.	She spoke softly so that he could hear.
33. "In order that" is formal for purpose.	He left early in order that he might rest,
34. "Because" gives cause; "so that" gives purpose.	She left because she was tired.
35. "That" introduces a noun clause.	I know that he is right.
36. "Whether" introduces indirect questions or choices.	I don't know whether she'll come.
37. Don't confuse '(if" and "whether"	I asked whether he was coming.
38. "Although" is followed by a complete clause.	Although it was dark, he walked on.
39. 'fThough" can appear at the start or end.	Though tired, he smiled.
40. "Even if" expresses condition despite something.	Even if it rains, I'll go.
41. "Rather than" shows preference,	I prefer tea rather than coffee.
42. f'Not only...but also" adds emphasis.	She is not only kind but also smart.
43. "Either...or" shows choice.	Either you come or I
44,  shows negative alternatives.	Neither he nor I know the answer.
45. "Both...and" connects two positive ideas.	Both John and Mary came.
46. "Whether...or" shows alternatives.	Whether you go or stay, l' Il help,
47. Balance the structure in correlative conjunctions.	She is not only pretty but also talented.
48. Avoid double negatives with correlative conjunctions.	Incorrect: Neither he or l. Correct: Neither he nor l.
49, Don't separate 'Ceither" and "or" too far apart.	Either call me or text me.
50. Use "not only...but also" for emphasis, not repetition.	She not only danced but also sang.
51, "Because" never begins a sentence fragment.	Incorrect: Because I was tired.
	Correct I stayed home because I was tired.
52. Don't use "so" and "because" in the same sentence.	Incorrect: I came early so because I was free,
53. "So" and "therefore" have different functions.	It was late, so we left. / It was late; therefore, we left.
54, Use "and so" to show a result.	She worked hard and so succeeded.
55. "For" gives reason like Obecause."	He stayed home, for it was cold
56. Avoid overusing "and."	Too many "and"s make sentences long.
57. "Yet" shows unexpected contrast.	She's young yet wise.
58. "Whereas" contrasts two facts-	He is tall whereas his brother is short,
59, "While" can also mean "although"	While he?s rich, he's not happy.
60. "Till" is informal for auntil.?	Wait till I Come.
61- Use "as if" or "as though" for unreal comparisons.	He looks as if he's tired.
62. "Even though" is stronger than "although!'	Even though it rained, we went out.
63. "Since" can mean because or from a time.	Since you're here, let's starti
64. "As" can mean because, when, or while,	As it rained, we stayed in.
65. "Once" means as soon as or when.	Onceyou finishs you can 'leave.
66. "Where" joins clauses of place.	Sit where you like.
67. "Wherever" means in any place.	Go wherever you want.
68, "Whereas" contrasts two ideas.	He is tall whereas she is short.
69. "Though" at the end of a sentence adds contrast,	It was hard, Nice, though,
70. IJse "that" to connect reporting verbs,	He said that he was tired.
71. "So that" expresses purpose; don't confuse with "so."	Speak clearly so that all can hear.
72, "test" expresses fear or prevention.	Run fast lest you miss the bus.
73. Use "than" in comparisons.	She runs faster than I do.
74. "As...as" shows equality.	He is as tall as his brother.
75. "Not as...as" shows inequality.	She isn't as fast as me.
76. use gas if" for imaginary conditions.	He talks as if he knows everything.
77, "Even as" means at the same time.	Even as we spoke, it started raining.
78. Don't use commas before subordi nating conjunctions.	Incorrect: I left, because I was tired.
79. I-Jse commas before coordinating conjunctions in compound sentences-	I was tired* but I stayed.
80. "For" is rarely used at the beginning of a sentence.	It's formal. Forl need to go there.
81. "So" joins cause and effect.	It rained, so we stayed inside.
82. "Therefore" is not a conjunction but an adverb.	It was late; therefore, we left.
83. i'As well as" joins similar ideas.	He writes as well as sings.
84. Don't confuse "as well as" with "and?'	"As well as" doesn't equal importance.
85. The verb agrees with the first: subject in "as well as."	John as well as Mary is coming.
86. "Not only...but also" affects verb agreement with the nearest subject.	Not only the teacher but also the students were excited.
81 Avoid repeating the same conjunction unnecessarily.	Incorrect: Although but.
88. Use "although" instead of "but" when joining clauses directly,	Although it rained, we went,
89. "So that" and 'tin order that" express purpose with modal verbs.	He left early so that he COU[d rest.
90, Use "for fear that" to show purpose of prevention.	Speak softly for fear that he might wake,
91. ('Whereas" is used to highlight differences.	He's lazy, whereas Pm active.
92. "As soon as" means immediately after.	Call me as soon as you arrive,
93, "While*' can mean "during the time-v	Don't talk while eating,
94. "Since" can mean 'from a time in the past."	We've lived here si ace
95. "Though" can begin or end a sentence	Though tired, he worked.
96. "Even if" shows a strong condition.	Even if you fail, try again,
97. Use "in case" for precaution.	Take cash in case the card fails.
98. "Because)' answers "why."	She left because she was late.
99. "So" answers "what happened as a result."	She was late, so she left early.
100. "As though" expresses unreal comparisonv	He looks as though he saw a ghost.
101. "That" connects reported speech or clauses.	He said that he was busy.
102. "Now that" means since or because now.	Now that it's sunny, let's go.
103, "As if" and "as though" are interchangeable.	He behaves as if he were rich.
104. "Whether or not" means regardless of condition.	I'll go whether or not it rains.
105, Use ethe moment," "the minute," "the instant" for immediacy.	The moment I saw him, I knew.
106. "After and "before" introduce time clauses.	I'll call after I arrive.
107. "Till" and auntil" mean up to that point.	Wait till I call you.
108. "Even though" is stronger than "though"	Even though it hurt, he smiled.
109, "Lest" takes "should" in formal English.	Study hard lest you should fail.
110, "Wherever" means in any place.	Sit wherever you like.
111. "While" and "Whereas" show contrast.	While he's lazy, I'm active.
112. "Before" and "after" can function as both prepositions and conjunctions.	Think before you act.
113. "As soon as*' can replace "immediatelly after"	We left as soon as it ended.
114. "Although" can start or join clauses,	Although he's rich, he's humble.
115. "Even when" expresses condition within a time.	He smiled even when tired.
116, "Though" is more informal than 'an "although"	Though he tried, he failed.
117. "If only" expresses a wish.	If only I knew!
118. "Insofar as" means to the extent that.	It's true insofar as I know,
119, "As soon as;' aonce," and "immediatelly" can be interchangeable in time clauses	Once I saw him, I left.
120, Don't repeat conjunctions unnecessarily in long sentences.	Incorrect: Because since.
121, Always ensure the conjunction "connects ideas logically"	She was tired, so she slept early,

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